183 papers
Molecular biology explores the tiny machinery inside living cells, revealing how genetic instructions are read, copied, and turned into the proteins that keep us alive. This field acts as a bridge between the static code of DNA and the dynamic processes that drive growth, disease, and life itself, offering insights into everything from cellular repair to the development of new medicines.
On Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv in this category to make these complex discoveries accessible to everyone. Our team processes each submission to provide both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp the core findings without getting lost in dense academic jargon.
Below are the latest molecular biology papers freshly processed from bioRxiv, ready for you to explore and understand.
This study demonstrates that in metabolomic analyses of small organisms, both pool size and biological replication are critical, interdependent factors that jointly determine the detectability and stability of biological signals, where insufficient pooling or replication leads to a loss of true metabolic effects without increasing false discoveries.
MuteFree is a novel AAV transfer plasmid system that eliminates ITR mutations through combinatorial optimization of the plasmid backbone and flanking sequences, thereby enabling high-fidelity, high-yield production of therapeutic AAV vectors compatible with GMP manufacturing.
This study demonstrates that in budding yeast, constitutive AMPK activity decoupled from fatty acid synthesis inhibition prevents senescence and preserves late-life fitness in all aging cells by resolving the metabolic conflict between mitochondrial Acetyl-CoA transport and lipid starvation.
This study demonstrates that clindamycin resistance in *Plasmodium falciparum* arises from mutations in apicoplast 23S rRNA genes, which, despite potentially impairing in vitro growth, do not completely block the parasite's ability to infect mosquitoes and spread in the field.
This study demonstrates that while the eIF4G-PABP closed-loop architecture is dispensable for productive translation initiation, it can be actively co-opted through specific proteolytic cleavage to form a dead-end complex that potently represses translation, thereby explaining the distinct translational outcomes of factor depletion versus viral cleavage.
By integrating multi-platform transcriptomics and membrane-aware proteomics, this study establishes a quantitative hierarchy of TRP channel expression in the adult mouse cortex, revealing that TRPML, TRPC, and TRPM subfamilies dominate while TRPA1 and TRPV1 remain below reliable detection thresholds.
This study demonstrates that WAVE2 and REST/NRSF regulate the expression of clustered genes, such as protocadherins and beta-globin, by maintaining heterochromatin organization through the deposition of H3K9me3 and the prevention of aberrant CTCF/cohesin accumulation.
This study identifies the transcriptional repressor Tex15 as a critical regulator of vomeronasal sensory neuron diversity, demonstrating that its absence disrupts the expression of specific pheromone receptors and abolishes male-male aggression behaviors in mice.
The authors developed a cost-effective, high-resolution Tm-guided exon-exon junction RT-PCR method that ensures variant-specific detection of RNA splice isoforms lacking distinguishable exonic regions by designing primers that enforce junction-dependent amplification through precise melting temperature constraints.
This study reports the discovery and near-atomic resolution structure of the CAGE complex, a conserved, ~1 MDa hollow protein assembly found across diverse prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes, suggesting an ancient evolutionary origin and potential roles in cellular transport or homeostasis.